When is the Best Time to Implement BIM?

In the AEC industry, we no longer speak only about 2D drawings, but about intelligent three-dimensional models that centralize all project information. This methodology optimizes collaboration, reduces errors, and improves efficiency at every stage—from design to operation. But when is the best time to implement it?

Let’s analyze the phases of a construction project and how BIM can be used in each one. We will also look at examples of projects that have implemented BIM, their benefits, and the challenges they faced.

Phases of a Construction Project and the Application of BIM

A construction project is generally divided into the following phases:
Initiation: The project scope is defined, objectives are established, and client needs are identified.
Planning: A detailed plan is developed to achieve the objectives, including resource allocation, budgeting, and scheduling.
Design: Project plans and technical specifications are developed, including architecture, structure, and MEP systems.
Pre-construction: Feasibility studies are conducted, construction processes are defined, and suppliers are selected.
Construction: The actual building process takes place, including project management, quality control, and safety oversight.
Commissioning: The project is verified to function according to design, and necessary testing is performed.
Operation and Maintenance: The building’s use and maintenance are managed throughout its lifecycle.
BIM can be implemented at each of these phases, offering different advantages:

Case Studies of Projects That Have Used BIM

Here are a few examples of projects that have implemented BIM:
Wanda Metropolitano Stadium in Madrid, Spain: The architectural firm Cruz y Ortiz used BIM for the design and construction of this stadium, with a capacity for 68,000 spectators. BIM facilitated coordination between disciplines and the management of the project’s complex geometry.
Panama Canal Expansion: BIM was crucial for the planning and execution of this mega engineering project, which involved the construction of new locks and the management of enormous construction volumes.
Tampere Deck and Arena: This multi-purpose activity center, built over existing railway infrastructure, used a wide range of BIM solutions. Coordination and precision achieved through these tools were essential to overcoming the project’s technical challenges.
These case studies demonstrate BIM’s versatility and its ability to adapt to different types of projects and needs.

Costs of Implementing BIM

Before diving into the benefits, it’s important to understand the investments required to implement BIM:
Investment in software and hardware: BIM software licenses, such as Autodesk Revit or Archicad, can be expensive depending on the return on investment. Some annual licenses may cost around $2,500, in addition to the necessary hardware requirements.
Personnel training: Investing in team training on BIM tools and methodology is essential.
Adaptation time: Transitioning to a BIM-based workflow may require time to adjust existing processes.

Benefits of Implementing BIM

Despite the initial costs, the long-term benefits of BIM can be very significant:
Reduction of errors and rework: BIM allows early clash detection and problem resolution during the design phase.
Greater accuracy in planning and cost estimation: BIM models enable better resource management and more accurate quantity take-offs, resulting in greater budget control.
Improved communication and collaboration: BIM simplifies and enhances information exchange, coordination, and communication among project teams.
Increased efficiency and productivity: BIM automates repetitive tasks and optimizes workflows, boosting productivity.
Enhanced sustainability: BIM facilitates environmental impact assessments and the selection of more sustainable materials.
Reduced operation and maintenance costs: By improving management throughout the building’s lifecycle, BIM leads to lower operating and maintenance expenses.

Factors That Influence When to Implement BIM

The decision of when to implement BIM in a project depends on several factors:
Type of project: Large-scale projects with complex geometries or high integration between disciplines benefit especially from early BIM adoption.
Project size: BIM facilitates information management and team coordination in large projects. In smaller projects, the decision may depend on factors such as budget and team experience.
Team experience: If the team is experienced with BIM, implementation is easier. If they are new to BIM, a transition process will be necessary.
Project objectives: If goals include improving efficiency, reducing errors, or enhancing sustainability, BIM can be a key tool.
Project lifecycle: BIM isn’t limited to design and construction; it can also be used for facility management and lifecycle analysis.
Company culture: BIM adoption requires a mindset shift and overcoming resistance to change. It’s essential that the company is open to adapting to a new way of working.

Best Practices for Implementing BIM

For successful BIM implementation:
Define a clear BIM strategy: Establish the objectives, scope, and uses of BIM in the project.
Train the team: Provide the necessary training on BIM tools and methodology.
Establish a collaboration protocol: Define roles, responsibilities, and workflows for information exchange.
Use appropriate BIM software: Select tools that fit the project’s and team’s needs.
Implement a quality control system: Establish processes for reviewing and validating BIM models.
Encourage collaboration: Promote open communication and teamwork across disciplines.
Evaluate performance and learn from experience: Analyze BIM implementation results to identify areas for improvement.

So, Is It Worth Implementing BIM?

Implementing BIM offers significant advantages in construction, such as reducing errors, improving efficiency, and optimizing collaboration. However, to maximize these benefits, it’s important to determine the right time to implement it.
While the ideal timing depends on various factors, as we’ve discussed, early BIM implementation is generally recommended. This improves coordination among disciplines, enables early error detection, allows for more accurate cost estimation, and increases project management efficiency.
In conclusion, by understanding the different project phases, BIM costs and benefits, available tools, influencing factors, and best practices, you can make a more informed decision about when to implement BIM and ensure a more efficient, sustainable, and profitable project.